Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions,
physiological mechanisms, development and evolution. Despite the complexity of the science, there are certain unifying concepts that consolidate it into a single,
coherent field. Biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life, genes as the basic unit of heredity, and evolution as the engine that propels the creation
and extinction of species. Living organisms are open systems that survive by transforming energy and decreasing their local entropy to maintain a stable and vital
condition defined as homeostasis.
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, "house", or "environment"; -λογία, "study of")[A] is the branch of biology[1] which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.
Objects of study include interactions of organisms with each other and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest include the biodiversity, distribution,
biomass, and populations of organisms, as well as cooperation and competition within and between species. Ecosystems are dynamically interacting systems of organisms,
the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and niche
construction, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits. Biodiversity means the
varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.
Los organismos interactúan con el medio ambiente dentro del contexto del ecosistema. La parte eco
se refiere al ambiente y la parte sistema implica que el ecosistema funciona como un conjunto de partes
relacionadas que interactúan formando una unidad. En términos generales, el ecosistema está formado por dos
componentes básicos que interactúan: el componente vivo, o biótico y el físico, o abiótico.
Saving wildlife and wilderness is the responsibility of all thinking people. Greed and personal gain must not be permitted to decimate, despoil and destroy the earth’s
irreplaceable treasure for its existence is essential to the human spirit and the well-being of the earth as a whole. All life has just one home — the earth — and we as the dominant
species must take care of it.
El lugar que presenta las condiciones apropiadas para que viva un organismo, especie o comunidad animal o vegetal.
Se trata, por lo tanto, del espacio en el cual una población biológica puede residir y reproducirse, de manera
tal que asegure perpetuar su presencia en el planeta. El hábitat está dado por una combinación de factores
bióticos y abióticos: este ambiente se corresponde, por lo tanto, con distintas características geográficas,
climatológicas, etc.
Deer (singular and plural) are the hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the fallow deer,
and the chital; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer (caribou), the roe deer, and the moose. Female reindeer, and male deer of all species except the Chinese water deer, grow and
shed new antlers each year. In this they differ from permanently horned antelope, which are part of a different family (Bovidae) within the same order of even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla).
The musk deer of Asia and water chevrotain of tropical African and Asian forests are not usually regarded as true deer and form their own families: Moschidae and Tragulidae, respectively.
Deer appear in art from Paleolithic cave paintings onwards, and they have played a role in mythology, religion, and literature throughout history, as well as in heraldry. Their economic
importance includes the use of their meat as venison, their skins as soft, strong buckskin, and their antlers as handles for knives. Deer hunting has been a popular activity since at least the
Middle Ages and remains a resource for many families today.
---
--
Una especie se considera en peligro de extinción (Endagered), sea vegetal o animal, cuando todos los miembros
con vida de dicha especie están en peligro de desaparecer. Esto se puede deber tanto a la depredación directa
sobre la especie como a la desaparición de un recurso del cual depende su vida, tanto por la acción del hombre,
debido a cambios en su hábitat, como producto de desastres naturales, o por cambios graduales del clima.
Established in 1964, The International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species has
evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal,
fungi and plant species.
The IUCN Red List is a critical indicator of the health of the world’s biodiversity. Far more than a list of
species and their status, it is a powerful tool to inform and catalyze action for biodiversity conservation and
policy change, critical to protecting the natural resources we need to survive. It provides information about
range, population size, habitat and ecology, use and/or trade, threats, and conservation actions that will help
inform necessary conservation decisions.